THE CRITERIA FOR USING MURSAL HADITHS AS EVIDENCE ACCORDING TO IMAM AL-SHAFI'I: A STUDY IN THE PRINCIPLES OF HADITH METHODOLOGY

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to identify the criteria governing the use of mursal hadith as evidence according to Imam Al-Shafi‘i, to explore the scholarly foundations underlying his acceptance or rejection of such reports, and to highlight his critical methodology in balancing hadith transmission standards with principles of legal reasoning.

Methodology: The study employs an inductive and analytical approach by examining Al-Shafi‘i’s statements concerning mursal hadith in his works, tracing his practical applications, and analyzing them to derive the principles governing his position on the evidential value of mursal reports.

Results: The study concludes that Imam Al-Shafi‘i neither accepted nor rejected mursal hadith categorically. Rather, he considered it admissible under specific conditions, including that the transmitter be a trustworthy senior Tābiʿī and that the report be supported by corroborating evidence or reliable indications that strengthen its authenticity. The findings further reveal that his approach combines rigorous hadith criticism with the requirements of juristic reasoning.

Conclusion: The study concludes that Imam Al-Shafi‘i’s position on mursal hadith represents a balanced methodological model that integrates critical scrutiny with juristic flexibility. His acceptance of mursal reports is based on precise scholarly criteria that safeguard the authority of the Sunnah and regulate legal inference.